The implications of these losses for human livelihoods and wellbeing have raised serious concerns. Many of these intact ecosystems were in areas inhabited by indigenous peoples. A 2021 study says that just 3% of the planet's terrestrial surface is ecologically and faunally intact, meaning areas with healthy populations of native animal species and little to no human footprint. Since the establishment of agriculture over 11,000 years ago, humans have altered roughly 70% of the earth's land surface, with the global biomass of vegetation being reduced by half, and terrestrial animal communities seeing a decline in biodiversity greater than 20% on average. The Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, published by the United Nation's IPBES in 2019, posits that roughly one million species of plants and animals face extinction from anthropogenic causes, such as expanding human land use for industrial agriculture and livestock rearing, along with overfishing. A 2020 report by the World Wildlife Fund found that human activity – specifically overconsumption, population growth and intensive farming – has destroyed 68% of vertebrate wildlife since 1970. The loss of biodiversity has been attributed in particular to human overpopulation, continued human population growth and overconsumption of natural resources by the world's wealthy. Scientists assert that human activity has pushed the earth into a sixth mass extinction event. Mismanagement that leads to degradation can also lead to environmental conflict where communities organize in opposition to the forces that mismanaged the environment.ĭeforestation of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil's Maranhão state, 2016 Efforts to counteract this problem include environmental protection and environmental resources management. When natural habitats are destroyed or natural resources are depleted, the environment is degraded. Environmental degradation comes in many types. The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction defines environmental degradation as "the reduction of the capacity of the environment to meet social and ecological objectives, and needs". Įnvironmental degradation is one of the ten threats officially cautioned by the high-level PaneI on Threats, Challenges and Change of the United Nations. Some of the primary environmental challenges that are causing great worry are air pollution, water pollution, natural environment pollution, rubbish pollution, and so on. The biological as well as the physical features of the environment are included. Įnvironmental concerns can be defined as the negative effects of any human activity on the environment. It is defined as any change or disturbance to the environment perceived to be deleterious or undesirable. Eighty-plus years after the abandonment of Wallaroo Mines ( Kadina, South Australia), mosses remain the only vegetation at some spots of the site's grounds.Įnvironmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as quality of air, water and soil the destruction of ecosystems habitat destruction the extinction of wildlife and pollution.
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